Which of the following conditions is typically associated with forward head posture?

Forward head posture is characterized by the head being positioned significantly in front of the shoulders, which can lead to various musculoskeletal issues. One of the primary muscles involved in this postural adaptation is the sternocleidomastoid (SCM). When there is forward head posture, the SCM often becomes overactive to help lift the head and maintain visibility, as its primary role is to flex and rotate the neck.

This overactivity can contribute to tension and discomfort in the neck region. Therefore, the association of forward head posture with overactive sternocleidomastoid is accurate, as the muscle compensates for the lack of proper alignment and function of other neck muscles that are underactive, leading to these postural changes.

In contrast, the other options mention various muscles that are either not as directly involved in sustaining forward head posture or reflect a different pattern of muscle activation and deactivation that does not align with typical presentations of forward head posture.